Federalism and Lacrosse
By Duane Bratt Federalism is the essential feature of Canada. Federalism has two orders of government – a central government and state/provincial governments – with sovereignty shared between them. Each order of government has exclusive jurisdiction in some areas and there is also some shared jurisdiction. It was invented in the United States, but many other countries (Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, India, Australia) are federal systems. Federalism is particularly designed for countries that have large geographic areas and/or societal cleavages (language, religion, etc). This is why Canada adopted a federal system in 1867. The federal government has exclusive jurisdiction in things such as monetary policy, defence policy, criminal code, and items that cross provincial boundaries or are national in nature. Provincial governments have exclusive jurisdiction in education, health care, municipalities, natural resources, and items that are loc...